| Tags | Dieser Datensatz ist Bestandteil der ÖKOBAUDAT. |
Process information
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| Location | BE | ||
| Reference year | 2020 | ||
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| Use advice for data set | Scope: This EPD presents the average of two products EQUITONE Linea and Lunara fibre cement sheets. This average product is an autoclaved calcium silicate Eternit fiber cement sheet produced by ETEX Services NV at Kapelle-op-den-Bos factory in Belgium and sold in Germany. System boundary: This is a cradle to grave EPD for the EQUITONE [LINEA / LUNARA] with the following life cycle stages included: A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, B1-7, C1, C2, C3, C4 and D. For A1, A2 and A3 specific quantities and distances were collected by ETEX NV and processed by VITO. For transportation, the default capacity utilisation factor of the transportation datasets was used, as all transportations were mass-based. Besides this, in the annexes the environmental profile of the two possible build-up options are provided, to be used when calculations at building level are necessary. For the build-up scenarios the following life cycle stages are included: A1, A2, A3, A4, C2, C3, C4 and D. The impacts related to the life cycle stages A5, B1-7 and C1 are fully allocated to the EQUITONE [LINEA / LUNARA] product. Estimates and assumptions The large majority of the raw materials were modeled with Ecoinvent 3.5 datasets. In very few instances (pigments) no specific dataset was found in the database, and a proxy was used instead. All operating data, i.e. all of the starting materials used, thermal energy, internal fuel consumption and electricity consumption, all direct waste as well as all emission measurements available were taken into account in the analyses. The packaging materials that include biogenic carbon are the wooden boards and the cardboard packaging. No uptake nor release of biogenic carbon is modeled. The biogenic carbon contained in the packaging material of the raw materials (from A1) exit the system during the production phase (in A3), with the EoL of the respective packaging materials. The biogenic carbon contained in the packaging material of the EQUITONE [LINEA/LUNARA] boards (from A3) exits the system at installation (in A5), with the EoL of the respective packaging materials. The packaging materials that include biogenic carbon are the wooden boards and the paper packaging. Cut-off criteria The set-up of the study aimed at the minimum at the cut-off criteria of 1 % of renewable and non-renewable primary energy usage and 1 % of the total mass input of that unit process, in line with EN 15804. During the data collection process all known inputs and outputs were accounted for, and the only processes not taken into consideration in the foreground are listed below:Accidental pollutions are often difficult to distinguish from emissions that occur under normal conditions (accidental pollutions are not measured and reported separately) and are therefore not considered in this study. · Environmental impacts caused by the personnel of the production plants are not included in the LCA, e.g. waste from the cafeteria and sanitary installations, accidental pollution caused by human mistakes, or environmental effects caused by commuter traffic. Heating or cooling of the plants in order to ensure a comfortable indoor climate for the personnel, for example, is also neglected. · The packaging of the raw materials for the build-up is not considered in this study is under the cut-off criteria. · A sensitivity analysis was done during the LCI of Cedral and concluded that the wearable sieves and cutting knives had a neglectable impact, less than 1%, on each damage category. For this reason these inputs were omitted from this study. Background data The life cycle assessment of EQUITONE [LINEA/LUNARA] was done using SimaPro 8.5 software and Ecoinvent 3.5 database. Data quality In the LCA study, different levels of data requirements and data collection exist. A distinction is made between company-specific, application-specific and generic data. Etex company-specific data: Company-specific data concern the data for the production of the EQUITONE [LINEA/LUNARA] board. Data for the production process have been delivered to VITO by Etex in a questionnaire format. The EPD is developed with industrial data from 2017. Collected data is of very good quality. Background data are of very good quality as well, with few exceptions where are of good quality, for the cases where we had to use proxies. Application-specific data Application specific data deals with all life cycle phases from the transportation of the packed EQUITONE[LINEA/LUNARA] to the construction site, transport to end of life (EOL) treatment and the final EOL treatment scenario. Some of the related scenarios (for transport to construction site, construction process, use stage, and demolition process) were provided by Etex, other were developed together by VITO and Etex based on specific sources. Data quality is therefore of very good quality wherever specific distances and EOL scenarios were provided, and of good quality where average distances and PCRs default scenarios were used. Generic data VITO will collect publicly available generic data for all background processes such as the production of electricity, transportation by means of a specific truck, etc. The main LCI source for this kind of background processes will be the Ecoinvent v3.5 database (Ecoinvent, October 2019). Data quality of the generic data is of good quality. Geography is respected for electricity mixes throughout the system. The time representativeness is that of the Ecoinvent generic datasets, where only valid datasets were used. Same applies to precision and completeness, as improving these quality criteria for the specific study is beyond the scope of this study. Period under review Data were collected for 2017 for the production process of EQUITONE [LINEA/LUNARA] in Belgium. Allocation At Etex, different types of cement fiber products are produced. However, EQUITONE [LINEA/LUNARA] products are produced only on certain production lines, with no co-products being produced as part of the process. Only facility-level data were available for electricity use, the use of natural gas, etc. The facility-level data have been allocated to the analyzed product using their respective annual production volume (physical relationship), therefore volume allocation is applied. Material inputs and outputs which were not available at the product level, such as waste, were allocated similarly, by mass allocation. | ||
| Technical purpose of product or process | The EQUITONE [LINEA / LUNARA] product is mainly used as a cladding sheet for ventilated exterior claddings and ceilings and insulated lightweight facade-systems. The board itself is fixed to a back-structure in wood or metal. This back-structure is mounted on a supporting wall in a massive construction (such as bricks, concrete, ...), lightweight skeleton (steel, wood), or prefabricated solutions. The application field is new construction and renovation of low, middle high, and high rise buildings. It is also used as an exterior ceiling and as a finishing board for roof eaves and verges. In a minor application, the EQUITONE [LINEA/LUNARA] can be used as protection for insulated foundations. | ||
| Classification number | 1.3.12 | ||
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| General comment on data set | EQUITONE [LINEA / LUNARA] is an autoclaved calcium silicate Eternit fibre cement sheet produced at Kapelle-op-den-Bos production plant, Belgium. The study is based on the annual production of Linea / Lunara from 2016, where all data reported are calculated as a total value per site based on production volumes. It is mainly made of sand, cement, cellulose, wollastonite, clay and lime. This product is used as a panel for exterior (and interior) walls covering. This average product is representative of the following color range TE 20, TE 60 and TE 90 made in 10 mm thick boards. Only pigment composition and texture changes from an EQUITONE LINEA to an EQUITONE LUNARA product. All products from this range: · have been manufactured according to the same industrial process; · have homogenous physical properties; · have the same density; · have been in the European market since 2007; · have been produced in a unique factory (Kapelle-op-den-Bos) since 2007. | ||
| Copyright | Yes | ||
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| Data set valid until | 2025 | ||
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| Technology description including background system | Façade panels made of fiber cement are manufactured largely in accordance with an automated winding process: the raw materials are mixed with water to prepare a homogenous mixture. Rotating screen cylinders are immersed in this fibre cement pulp which drains internally. The screen surface is covered in a thin film of fibre cement which is transferred onto an infinite conveyor belt from where it is conveyed to a format roller which is gradually covered in an increasingly thicker layer of fibre cement. Once the requisite material thickness is achieved, the still moist and malleable fiber cement layer (fiber cement fleece) is separated and removed from the format roller. The fibre cement fleece is cut to size. Leftovers are returned to the production process preventing any waste from being incurred. The sheets are then laid on templates, pressed and steam-hardened in an autoclave. The façade panels are then calibrated, sanded, surface textured and hydrophobated before being packed and shipped to the customer. Technical data: The following tables include technical data specific to the EQUITONE [LINEA / LUNARA] product. Declared unit: The functional unit is defined as: the production of 1 m² (thickness 10 mm) of the average of two products EQUITONE LINEA and EQUITONE LUNARA sheets and its related impacts over cradle-to-grave life cycle stages, where the product’s expected average reference service life is of 50 years. Annexes to the EPD include also the environmental profiles for the two build-up alternatives: wooden frame with steel screws and aluminium frame with aluminium rivets, both on an EPDM layer. | ||
Modelling and validation
| Subtype | specific dataset | ||||
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Approval of overall compliance
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Nomenclature compliance
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Methodological compliance
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Review compliance
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Documentation compliance
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Quality compliance
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Administrative information
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| Time stamp (last saved) | 2020-01-06T00:00:00 |
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| UUID | 6d1f3181-4fb7-4312-a492-83c95df4ea9a |
| Data set version | 00.02.000 |
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| Registration number | EPD-ETE-20190128-CCA1-DE |
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| Copyright | Yes |
| License type | Free of charge for all users and uses |
| Access and use restrictions | None |
Environmental indicators
Indicators of life cycle