Process information
| Key Data Set Information | |
| Location | DE |
| Geographical representativeness description | The data set represents the country specific situation in Germany, focusing on the main technologies, the region specific characteristics and / or import statistics. |
| Reference year | 2023 |
| Name |
Base name
; Quantitative product or process properties
Recycling ready-mix concrete C20/25; C20/25
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| Use advice for data set | This data set refers to the production of 1m³ recycling ready-mix concrete of compressive strength class C20/25. The density is 2296.9 kg/m³. The data set can be scaled linearly (over the mass) for the estimation of other densities between 2200 and 2400 kg/m³. For the recipe determination, the average concrete strength was selected in each case (i.e. for C20/25 the strength 22.5 N/mm²) in order to determine the water-cement ratio (w/c). Furthermore, the most unfavorable cements were used for the cement strength in relation to the maximum w/c ratio. Secondary materials were used for the aggregates. Concrete admixtures (e.g. plasticizers etc.) were not included in the calculation. Likewise, the incorporation of carbon dioxide by carbonation was not considered. A representative cement mix (see figures) was selected for the cement composition. For cement clinker, gross emissions were applied (i.e. including emissions from the use of secondary fuels). For granulated blast furnace slag, an economic allocation of the loads from steel production was applied. 3.33% of the loads from the steel production process were allocated to blast furnace slag (corresponds to a price ratio of 1:30 between slag and steel). Fly ash was assumed to be load-free, but internal transport expenses (extraction systems, transport to the plant gate) were taken into account. Overall, very good representativeness can be assumed under ecobalance-conservative boundary conditions. |
| Technical purpose of product or process | Normal concrete of compressive strength class C20/25 is used for various load-bearing and non-load-bearing applications in construction, both indoors and outdoors. The concrete mix design used for this data set can be used for exposure class X0 applications. |
| Classification number | 1.4.01 |
| Classification |
Class name
:
Hierarchy level
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| General comment on data set | This data set has been modeled according to the European Standard EN 15804+A2 for Sustainable Building. Results are depicted in modules that allow the structured expression of results over the entire life cycle. |
| Uncertainty margins | 10 |
| Description | Product system almost completely covered. Good technological, temporal and geographic representativeness. |
| Copyright | Yes |
| Owner of data set | |
| Quantitative reference | |
| Reference flow(s) | |
| Time representativeness | |
| Data set valid until | 2026 |
| Time representativeness description | Annual average |
| Technological representativeness | |
| Technology description including background system | Concrete is a manmade stone formed from a mixture of cement, aggregates, and water by hardening the cement paste (cement-water mixture). Description of the life cycle stages modeled: Modules A1-A3: Recycling ready-mix concrete of strength class C20/25 is a mixture of secondary material aggregates (1840.5 kg), cement (256.4 kg), water (200 kg). Cement production dominates the life cycle assessment of ready-mix concrete. Module A4: a truck transport (concrete mixer) to the construction site with a load of 32 tons and an average distance of 11 kilometers was considered. The transport distance can be adjusted at the building level if necessary. Module C1: For deconstruction, mechanical deconstruction (excavator) was applied. Module C2: 50 km (truck, 40 tons EURO6) was assumed for the transport to the construction waste processing. Module C3: For waste processing of material recycling as backfill material (e.g. in road construction), average expenses for sorting/shredding were assumed. Furthermore, a loss (e.g. due to contamination, dust emissions, etc.) of 25% was conservatively assumed. Module C4: Landfilling of processing waste. Module D: Credits for net flow quantity (concrete mass deducted from losses) due to substitution of natural crushed stone. |
| Flow diagram(s) or picture(s) | |
Modelling and validation
Administrative information
Environmental indicators